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Har ve mar ile alakalı olarak eklemek istedim. baybora'nın düşüncelerine katılıyorum...
Mar or Mor (as pronounced respectively in eastern and western dialects, from Syriac: ܡܪܝ, Mār(y), written with a silent final yodh) is a title of respect in Syriac, literally meaning 'my lord'. It is given by custom to all bishops and saints. The corresponding feminine form given to women saints is Mart or Mort (Syriac: ܡܪܬܝ, Mārt(y)). The title is placed before the Christian name, as in Mar Aprem/Mor Afrem and Mart/Mort Maryam.
Arab Christians continue to use this term in colloquial Arabic as a title for saints. However, church dedications write the classical Arabic word Qeddis (Arabic: القديس, al-Qiddīs, 'Saint') as a saint's title, even though everyone pronounces the title as Mar.
The variant Maran or Moran (Syriac: ܡܪܢ, Māran), meaning 'Our Lord', is a particular title given to Jesus, either alone or in combination with other names and titles. Likewise, Martan or Mortan (Syriac: ܡܪܬܢ, Mārtan, 'Our Lady') is a title of Mary.
Occasionally, the term Maran or Moran has been used of various patriarchs and catholicoi. The Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, the Malankara Orthodox Catholicos and the Syro-Malankara Major Archbishop Catholicos use the title Moran Mor. Sometimes the Indian bearers of this title are called Moran Mar, using a hybrid style from both Syriac dialects that reflects somewhat the history of Syrian Christians in Kerala.
The obscure variant Marya or Moryo (Syriac: ܡܪܝܐ, Māryā) is used in the Pesh*tta Old Testament to render the Tetragrammaton. Although this word is clearly a derived form of the above, there is a fanciful derivation found in early Syriac lexica, that the word is an initialism as follows:
- ܡ — ܡܪܘܬܐ, māruṯā, 'lordship'
- ܪ — ܪܒܘܬܐ, rabbuṯā, 'majesty'
- ܝ ܐ — ܐܝܬܝܐ, iṯyā, 'self-existence'
Rav (Heb. רב) is the Hebrew word for rabbi. For a more nuanced discussion see semicha. The term is also frequently used by Orthodox Jews to refer to one's own rabbi.
In the Talmud, the title Rav generally precedes the names of Babylonian Amoraim, whereas the title Rabbi generally precedes the names of ordained scholars in Palestine (whether Tannaim or Amoraim).[1]
In the Talmud, Rav or Rab (used alone) is a common name for Abba Arika, the first Amora, who established the great yeshiva at Sura, which, using the Mishnah as text, led to the compilation of the Talmud.
In some Hasidic groups, the Rebbe is also referred to as the rav; in other circles, the rav is distinct from the rebbe and is the highest dayan (judge) of the group.
The term rav is also a generic term for a teacher or a personal spiritual guide. For example, the Talmud tells us that "Joshua ben Perachyah said: Provide for yourself a teacher (rav)."[2]
[edit] The Rav
Nachmanides will sometimes refer to Maimonides as "HaRav," "The Rav."
From the 16th Century, "Rav" or "the Rav" generally referred to Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham, Rav being an acronym for the Hebrew for Rabbi Obadiah of Bartenura (רעב) which could also be pronounced "Rav."
More recently, as a sign of great respect, some rabbis are simply called "the Rav," even outside of their personal followings. Note that when the word is pronounced using a Patakh, the meaning is almost universally Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham of Bartenura. When using a Kamatz, the term can refer to, among others:
- Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik
- Among Centrist and Modern Orthodox Orthodox Jews, particularly in North America. Sometimes spelled "The Rov."
- Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi
- His Code of Jewish Law is often called the Shulchan Aruch HaRav, "Shulchan Aruch of the Rav".
- The Vilna Gaon
- The Brisker Rav
- In most Haredi yeshivos, Rabbi Joseph Soloveitchik is referred to by his Yiddish name ("Rav Yoshe Ber"), and the term "Rov" (Kamatz pronounced as in Ashkenazic) means the Brisker Rav.
- Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook[citation needed]
- Rabbi Moshe Feinstein[citation needed]
See also the list of people called Rabbi.
[edit] References
- ^ Adin Steinsaltz, The Talmud: The Steinsaltz Edition; A Reference Guide (New York: Random House, 1989), p. 139.
- ^ Ethics Of The Fathers
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